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FAO and USAID Partner to Revitalize Sri Lanka's Agriculture Sector
FAO and USAID Partner to Revitalize Sri Lanka’s Agriculture

FAO and USAID Partner to Revitalize Sri Lanka’s Agriculture

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and USAID are teaming up with Sri Lanka’s Ministry of Agriculture. Their $9.2 million initiative aims to boost paddy productivity and diversify crops on marginal land. This collaboration will promote sustainable agricultural development programs in the country.

This partnership arrives at a critical time for Sri Lankan farming. The nation faces challenges after poor harvests in 2022 led to a 50% drop in production. The effort seeks to revive agriculture and support vulnerable farmers across the island.

FAO, with USAID’s support, has already made significant progress in helping Sri Lankan farmers. They provided over 58,700 metric tonnes of essential fertilizers to all paddy farmers within nine months.

The 2023 Yala paddy season sowing covered about 500,000 hectares. This impressive achievement accounts for 92% of the targeted area.

$9.2 Million Initiative to Enhance Paddy Productivity and Diversify Crops

FAO, USAID, and Sri Lanka’s Ministry of Agriculture have launched a $9.2 million initiative. It aims to boost paddy productivity and promote crop diversification in Sri Lanka. This four-year project will help 10,000 farmers in Hambanthota, Vauniya, Anuradhapura, and Kurunegala districts.

The initiative supports farmers in diversifying 1,250 hectares of paddy lands during the Yala season. It promotes sustainable farming practices and growing suitable cash crops. The project also encourages efficient water and fertilizer use on 5,000 acres of paddy.

Streamlining Supply Chains for Smallholder Farmer Support

A key goal is establishing streamlined supply chains for smallholder farmers. This ensures timely access to affordable supplies and machinery. The project aims to boost productivity and profitability in Sri Lanka’s agriculture sector.

The partnership addresses challenges like low labor productivity and the need for diversification. It promotes sustainable farming practices to increase agricultural output. The initiative also aims to boost export earnings and energize the rural economy.

Building on Previous US Support and Donations to Sri Lankan Farmers

The FAO and USAID partnership aims to revitalize Sri Lanka’s agriculture sector. This builds on the US’s vital support for Sri Lankan farmers during the recent economic crisis. In 2022, the US provided crucial fertilizer donations to help paddy farmers.

The US donated 36,000 metric tons of Triple Super Phosphate to Sri Lanka. They also provided 9,800 metric tons of urea during the economic crisis. These fertilizers went to over 1 million vulnerable paddy farmers for free.

Crucial Support for Vulnerable Paddy Farmers

FAO and the Ministry of Agriculture teamed up to distribute the donated fertilizers. They focused on reaching the most vulnerable paddy farmers in Sri Lanka. This effort helped farmers keep their jobs and ensure food security.

The new $9.2 million partnership strengthens US support for Sri Lankan farmers. It focuses on sustainable farming, crop diversity, and efficient resource use. The project aims to boost smallholder farmers’ resilience and profits.

FAO and USAID Partner to Revitalize Sri Lanka’s Agriculture Sector

The FAO and USAID have teamed up with Sri Lanka’s Ministry of Agriculture. Their $9.2 million project aims to boost the country’s farming sector. This initiative will help 10,000 farmers in four districts: Hambanthota, Vauniya, Anuradhapura, and Kurunegala.

The four-year program will improve paddy productivity and crop variety. Farmers will grow cash crops on 1,250 hectares during the Yala season. The project will also promote efficient use of water and fertilizer on 5,000 acres of paddy.

FAO Representative Vimlendra Sharan highlighted the partnership’s importance. He said it combines resources and expertise to build resilience in agriculture. FAO and USAID will work closely with Sri Lanka’s government to ensure success.

This project builds on previous US support for Sri Lankan farmers. In 2022, the US donated fertilizer to over 1 million paddy farmers. The current initiative aims to strengthen agriculture and improve farmers’ lives.

Sri Lanka's Shift to Organic Farming Leads to Significant Crop Declines
Sri Lanka’s Shift to Organic Farming Drops Crop Yields

Sri Lanka’s Shift to Organic Farming Drops Crop Yields

Sri Lanka’s sudden switch to organic farming in 2021 caused major drops in crop yields. President Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s election promise led to a ban on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. This forced 2 million farmers to adopt organic methods, resulting in a 20% fall in rice production.

The ban also hit tea crops hard, Sri Lanka’s main export. Within six months, domestic rice prices jumped by 50%. The country had to import $450 million worth of rice to make up for lost production.

The fertilizer ban’s impact was severe. Tea production losses alone cost the economy $425 million. This further strained Sri Lanka’s foreign exchange reserves and worsened the country’s economic crisis.

The government tried to help farmers with $200 million in direct compensation. They also gave $149 million in price subsidies to rice farmers. But these efforts weren’t enough to offset the negative effects of the sudden change.

The organic farming shift contributed to rising inflation and currency depreciation. It also increased poverty in the country. Critics say the government didn’t include agricultural experts in planning the change.

There was no gradual transition plan, which made things harder for farmers. The new policy not only hurt crop production but also threatened food security for Sri Lanka’s people.

Sri Lanka’s Abrupt Transition to Organic Farming

President Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s government banned synthetic fertilizer and pesticide imports in April 2021. This move was part of his organic agriculture pledge from the 2019 election campaign. The decision aimed to save foreign exchange and promote organic farming in Sri Lanka.

The policy was implemented without input from leading agricultural experts. Instead, it relied on representatives from the small organic sector and alternative agriculture advocates. This exclusion of agronomists led to widespread criticism of agricultural policy mismanagement.

President Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s Election Promise

During his 2019 campaign, President Rajapaksa promised a 10-year transition to organic farming. This pledge received mixed reactions. Sri Lanka had long relied on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides for crop yields.

Nationwide Ban on Synthetic Fertilizers and Pesticides

The government suddenly banned synthetic fertilizer and pesticide imports in April 2021. This abrupt change left farmers struggling to adapt to organic methods. It led to significant drops in crop yields and food shortages.

The decision to cut fertilizer subsidies made the situation worse for farmers. They faced many challenges during this rapid transition to organic farming.

Exclusion of Agricultural Experts in Policy Implementation

The government’s approach to implementing the organic farming policy faced heavy criticism. Leading agricultural experts and agronomists were left out of the decision-making process. Instead, the policy relied on input from the small organic sector and alternative agriculture advocates.

Many of these supporters were linked to the Viyathmaga civil society movement. This group had backed President Rajapaksa’s election campaign.

Economic and Agricultural Consequences

Sri Lanka’s sudden shift to organic farming caused major drops in crop yields. Rice production fell by 20% within six months of banning synthetic fertilizers. This forced the country to import $450 million worth of rice.

Domestic rice prices jumped by 50%. Food inflation hit 94% in August. As a result, 28% of the population faced food insecurity.

The tea industry, crucial for exports, also took a hit. Tea output decreased by 18% after the ban. This led to lower export earnings.

Other export crops like rubber, coconut, and spices suffered too. This affected household incomes and export revenues.

Farmers struggled due to insufficient organic fertilizer production. The government couldn’t produce enough to replace imported fertilizers. This made it hard for farmers to maintain crop yields.

Protests and economic instability forced the government to partially reverse the policy. They did this for key export crops by November 2021.

The failed policy led to reduced crop yields and tea export losses. It also increased food insecurity in Sri Lanka. The government had to compensate farmers and reverse the fertilizer policy.

Experts suggest a gradual shift to organic farming. This approach should include proper support and training for farmers. It would help minimize impacts on crop yields and food security.